Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which constitutes about 85% of all lung cancers originates from larger cells, such as the epithelial cells lining the airways or mucus-producing cells.
This FAQ section explores NSCLC incidence, ongoing trials, innovative drugs, and their impact on patient outcomes.
1. What is the global incidence of NSCLC and how does it vary across different regions?
NSCLC affected around 2.1 million people globally in 2022. Asia-Pacific region reported the highest incidence, followed by, Europe, North America, and the rest of the world regions. The country-wise incidence showed variations, with China, the United States, Japan, India, and Germany having the highest number of cases among others.
2. What is the global landscape of NSCLC trials, and how do recruitment rates vary across regions?
Since 2019, the biotech and biopharma industry initiated over 5,000 NSCLC trials. Asia-Pacific led in the number of clinical trials conducted, followed by North America, Europe, and the rest of the world. Mainland China led in the Asia-Pacific, while the United States was prominent in North America. Spain and France played a major role in NSCLC trials in Europe. Brazil and Israel contributed moderately to the rest of the world's trials. In terms of patient recruitment trends, Asia-Pacific showed shorter recruitment durations and faster patient recruitment rates in comparison to the United States.
3. What are the marketed and pipeline drugs for NSCLC?
The NSCLC treatment landscape includes several drugs currently available in the market, along with some promising ones in late-stage development. Marketed drugs include small molecules targeting KRAS and EGFR, such as Lumakras and Tagrisso (Osimertinib) as well as monoclonal antibodies like Mvasi (biosimilar bevacizumab). Additionally, promising phase III pipeline drugs, such as bispecific or multispecific antibodies like KN046 and ivonescimab, indicate a shift towards more targeted and personalized treatment approaches.
4. What promising innovative approaches are being investigated to improve the survival rates for patients with NSCLC?
Recent advancements in drug therapy, especially in precision oncology, have been reported to significantly improve survival rates for NSCLC patients. Targeted therapies for specific genetic mutations (e.g., EGFR and ALK inhibitors) and immunotherapies (e.g., pembrolizumab, nivolumab) have been reported as being highly effective. Biomarker testing is crucial for patients eligible for these advanced therapies, optimizing treatment choices. Advances in molecular diagnostics, such as next-generation sequencing, enable personalized treatment plans, significantly improving patient outcomes.
5. What are the main challenges in treating NSCLC despite advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapies?
Despite advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapies for NSCLC, key challenges include overcoming resistance mechanisms and addressing tumor heterogeneity to ensure effective treatment for all patients. Addressing these challenges requires ongoing research to develop new strategies and treatments that can overcome resistance and effectively target the diverse characteristics of tumors.